Wednesday, January 30, 2019

Can traceability of agriculture produce help agriculture and farmers ?

Even after enough production farmers don’t get the fair price of his agriculture produce and agriculture produce don’t get the market & buyer. In industrial production everything is written in record and books are well maintained for regular audit & inspection. Everything is traceable if it is required. In agriculture production things are not recorded and traceable. Lack of traceability leads to many problems. Agriculture sector faces many problems like farmers suicide, bad farm loan, farm loan waiver, over production, food prices inflation, distress selling, throwing the production on road, storage problem, over import of agriculture commodities, black market selling, adulteration etc. 

What is agriculture traceability ? 

It is record keeping and mapping of the process of agriculture production to processing and reaching in hand of end user. Traceability will include the mapping of farm input supplier, farm inputs, farmers, farmers land, primary market of for agriculture commodity selling, secondary market of agriculture product selling, stockist, transporter, warehousing, processor, finish product stockist, whole seller, retailer and other point or steps involved in this process from farmer to consumer. 



Mapping of farm inputs and farm input sellers 

Quality and quantity of agriculture production depends on farm inputs. If the farm inputs are properly mapped then this will help farmers to ensure if they are getting right product of right quality, they are being not cheated, their product is recommended for particular crop. Last year there was case in MP that some product was recommended for Groundnut and farmers used in soybean crop. The crop was damaged. When the farmers raised the issue of crop damage against the company and administration then company gave an excuse that their product was not recommended for Soybean crop and farmers have used applied product for soybean crop. Once the inputs and inputs seller will be mapped then by the end of harvest season, actual production estimate will be calculated. 

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Can traceability of agriculture produce help agriculture and farmers ?
It can be also mapped with farm loans so that govt can ensure that subsidized for agriculture purpose is used for right purpose. Insurance company can also estimate the risk and loss with the help of private data. Farm input is the base record which must be mapped and recorded in proper way. Govt can also monitor if seed companies are making huge profit or cheating with farmers. 

Once the farmers buy the product his land his operation should be recorded and mapped. It will ensure the farmer have done right operations, type of insect & disease has attacked. How were they managed and what type of chemicals were used? If will also give an estimate that how much crop is sown area. IF will be helpful in the case of crop damage, risk calculation. It will also ensure that production is coming to local market from the local area, it is not arrived from other state or imported from other country. It will also assist banks and finical institutes if farmer have enough production for making payment or not. Is it leads that farmers are in problem then his loan can be adjusted as per the norms? It will help govt to identify the right beneficiary. This is most crucial step. If govt has to give incentive to farmers for complete mapping, then govt should do it. Farmer is the start point of agriculture food production then it will helpful to keep the whole chain (from production to end consumer) clean. 



Post harvesting mapping 

Once the agriculture production has mapped then production will come in market for trading and processing. These are point of entry of external material and point to wipe out the production. Primary market of agriculture produce is main point for mapping and traceability. After primary market selling agriculture produces normally go to processing industries and these industries are maintaining the record regularly. If will give an idea that what is farmers getting, what is industry investing in processing and what is industry getting from selling of produce. 

Traceability information and labeling 

After the traceability and mapping there must be mandatory discloser of information under a code which can help end consumer that from where his product is coming, at what stage his product is processed and what type of contents/ingredients are used in preparation of his consumable product. This must be available on public website. Govt can trace the location of the produce, Illegal hording, point of adulteration, detail of stock laying at ware house, transport, processing factory and sells points, point of tax default and many more. Traceability can’t be complete solution but it can give relief to agriculture more than 70-80 %. Any extra profit is made from a channel can be shared with original producer of agriculture produce or Farmer.

Wednesday, January 16, 2019

Decoding the farmer’s problems : gap between agriculture farm & retail store

Farmers are fighting for loan waiver, minimum support price, high payout for their produce. If we remember the period of 20-25 back. We find that most of edible things available at local grocery shops, were in the raw form produced by the farmers. End consumer used to buy wheat and after cleaning he used get this wheat process into wheat flour from his local flour mill. Consumption of Jaggery and raw sugar was high in comparison to refined sugar. Most of spices were available in raw form in local grocery shops. Now the situation has changed we find that most of edible items are in processed form. We find very few items in raw form direct from farmers field.

There are two major points, first point that farmers have opportunity to grape some part of the market of processed products and another point that farmers are paying more by purchasing the processed items as 98% farmers are Net buyers of agriculture commodities. Besides this we find a lot of imported processed items in our grocery shops, it means either we don’t have raw items to process and market or out food processing industry is not able to full fill the local demand. Here we are not discussing about precious / costly or occasional items. We are discussing just regular items which we use every day.

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Decoding the farmer’s problems : gap between agriculture farm & retail store
India Produce 80-90 Million MT wheat 40-45 Million MT is processed into the wheat flour. Demand of wheat flour is increasing. Farmers are trying to sell their produce in local market as raw. In another case for example pulses. Demand of clean and graded pulses is increasing in market. People don’t have to time clean and grade it. But farmers are selling the raw uncleaned ungraded pulses to local market. End customer goes for cleaned and graded pulses. Even farmers himself purchase clean and graded pulses. 

There huge opportunity for farmers in local market for process and sell their items. Farmers is missing this opportunity. Due to uncleaned and ungraded quality imported processed food makes spaces in Indian market and east share in demand and create competition. Indian produce 22 MT pulses, and import around 5 Million MT pulses. Imported pulses are in ready to use condition. It is completely cleaned and graded. Indian garlic is not getting the enough price in local market, but Chinese Garlic is creating space after a lot of transportation cost from Chinese agriculture farm to Indian kitchen.

This gap can be of three form, Quality, Quantity and Consumable / sellable form. Farmer can supply good quality product by cleaning and grading, farmers can produce the desired quantity as per demand of local market and in third gap farmers can process the agriculture commodity in consumable form. Farmers should be encouraged for selling of clean and graded commodity. Farmers should explore the local market and they should identify and process what they can sell in local market. 

Consistent quantity and quality are two major issues. IF farmers and govt can work on these issues then farmers can get good share of profit which is going to big industries and exporting countries. Profit share of regular items like Daal (lentil), Dalia (wheat), Aaata (flour), Pickle, Jaggery and other can be go directly to farmer’s pocket. 

Saturday, January 5, 2019

Accurate data collection will boost the Agriculture.




India is very rich in biodiversity. Due to it different climatic conditions. India produce a lot of agriculture crops in different climatic conditions like, cereals, pulses, oil seeds, spices, fiber, commercial, vegetables, Fruits, medicinal, herbs, meat, fish, eggs and many more. It requires a lot of data collection for proper mapping of the all crops. Data is key of agriculture development and farmers welfare. Accurate data collection will boost Indian Agriculture.  Farmers are producing the over supplied crops and at the time of harvesting prices of crops comes down due to distress selling. If the Farmers are advised properly before showing about the oversupply of crop, farmer will not go for that crop. With the help of proper data collection Govt and farmers can come out from the common agriculture problems. Bad agriculture loan is becoming problem for the financial health of country, availability of the real and updated agriculture data can improve the financial health of the country. By the next general election farmers loan waiver may reach up to 2,70,000 Crore. This is very alarming figure for the growing economy. Farmers are doing suicide due to unpaid credit and poor financial problems. Farmers take the loan in expectation of better yield, goo rate and financial return but at the time of harvesting, but at the time of harvesting farmers can’t recover the cost of cultivation. Every year more than 5000 farmers commits suicides in India. In year 2004 this number was 18241.


Post-harvest loss of agriculture produce in India is more than 92,000 crores. Food processing Industry in India has not developed in India to its full capacity. Indian food processing industry is 10 % of its full potential. Current Indian food processing sector is just 434 billion USD, by 2020 it will reach to 911 Billion. There is full potential for employment generation and financial growth in Indian agriculture and agro processing industry. India is importing a lot of crude oil for fuel purpose. There are possibilities that petrol can be substituted by the Ethanol. Even ethanol will be little bit costlier but Indian will save a huge Foreign exchange which is used in import of crude oil for fuel purpose. Sugarcane farmers faces a lot of problems due poor demand of sugar in local and international market.

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Agriculture should be collected at Four level Farm Inputs, Crop Production, Processing & Marketing. All these data should be feed/collected on single platform. Availability of authentic and correct data will lead to good decision making and proper planning. Collection of authentic data is also base of the agro processing industry and further export of the agriculture products. We can decide the estimated production potato by the available of selling of chemical used in seed treatment of the seed potato. These data collection will help farmers, farm input companies, financial institutes, agro-processing companies, agro warehousing, government. India can control the agriculture import bill, which is more than 1,20,000 Crore Rupees. 

Farm Inputs level data collection: 

Farm input is the first point to start the agriculture production. Farmer purchase seeds, plants, fertilizers, power, fuel for agriculture production. Once the farmer starts the sowing then it will give the basic idea about the yield output after a certain period in normal condition. It will also give a basic idea about the attack of disease and insects. Agriculture finance and agriculture insurance must be strictly linked to the available data so that farmers should not face any financial hurdle. It will ensure that farm loan is used for farm production only. Farmers will be also protected from the inferior quality farm inputs and seeds. Farm input retails and farmers both can feed or collect these data.


Crop Production level data collection:

This will be the actual data of crop production which will be collected from the farmers and the Agriculture commodities buyer. These data are very important for the further planning of the agro-processing and emergency planning if there is shortage of in future food supply. Over supply can be addressed by the additional processing or export of the commodity with incentives. Annual collection of crop production data will give an overall all picture of the crop production potential of the country. Country will explore the potential of the agro-processing, ware housing, cold storage, logistics, international trade, Value addition. 

Processing & Marketing level data collection 

These are important real financial data which will make agriculture, financial strong. These data will give an idea about that how much quantity is used in raw form? how much quantity is used in processed form? how much quantity is exported? what are value addition in basic price of commodity? Processing and marketing convert the agriculture production in monetary terms. Which make the agriculture sector prosperous and it will lead to welfare of farmers. 

Before 5 years agriculture data collection was a big hurdle. After the arrival of the latest communication technology and advance mobiles/ input devices it has become easy. Govt can take extra step for welfare of farmers for the real time monitoring of crop production data. In the condition of crop failure farmers can prompt assistance from the govt of any concerned institutes like Insurance, Co-operative. In today word data are real asset of any govt or industry. It will help govt to explore the new potential for Indian agriculture. Accurate data collection is way to success for Indian agriculture.